HE on Music Theory Print

Heartland rock

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Characteristics#

The term heartland rock was not coined to describe a clear genre until the 1980s. In terms of style, it often uses straightforward rock music, sometimes with elements of Americana with a basic rhythm and blues line-up of drums, keyboards and occasional horn section instruments like a saxophone. However, this common definition may represent an oversimplification given that Bruce Springsteen’s Born in the U.S.A. made heavy use of synthesizers, most notably on the hit singles “Dancing in the Dark”, “Glory Days” and the title track. Lyrics are often presented in a style that is raspy and unpolished, adding a sense of authenticity. Creedence Clearwater Revival, and the Byrds. Verses in heartland rock songs often tell stories. In some songs, those stories are about people undergoing hard times; choruses are often anthemic in tone. The genre is associated with working-class regions of the Midwest and the Rust Belt. It has been characterized as a predominantly romantic genre, celebrating “urban backstreets and rooftops”, and its major themes include alienation, despair, “unemployment, small-town decline, disillusionment, limited opportunity and bitter nostalgia”.

Heavy metal

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

People#

Heavy Metal (wrestler) (, born 1970), Mexican professional wrestler
“Heavy Metal” Van Hammer (Mark Hildreth, born 1967), American former professional wrestler

Fictional characters#

Heavy Metal (G.I. Joe), a character in the Joe universe
Heavy Metal (Marvel Comics), a team of supervillains in the Marvel Universe
Heavy Metal (Ninjago), a character in Ninjago

Songs and albums#

“Heavy Metal (Takin’ a Ride)”, a 1981 song by Don Felder from the soundtrack of Heavy Metal
“Heavy Metal”, a 1981 song by Sammy Hagar from the album Standing Hampton, also on the soundtrack of Heavy Metal
“Heavy Metal: The Black and Silver”, a 1981 song by Blue Öyster Cult from Fireof Unknown Origin
“Heavy Metal”, a 1985 song by Helloween from Wallsof Jericho
“Heavy Metal”, a 1988 song by Judas Priest from Ram It Down
“Heavy Metal”, a 2005 song by Clap Your Hands Say Yeah from Clap Your Hands Say Yeah
“Heavy Metal”, a 2016 song by Justice from Woman
“Heavy Metal”, a single by Madi Diaz from Fatal Optimist
“Heavy Metal x DVNO”, a 2018 song by Justice from Woman Worldwide
Heavy Metal Music (album), a 2013 album by Newsted
Heavy Metal (album), a 2024 album by Cameron Winter

Video games#

Heavy Metal (1988 video game), by Access Software
Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K. 2, a 2000 computer game by Gatheringof Developers
Heavy Metal: Geomatrix, a 2001 arcade game for SegaNAOMI and Dreamcast by Capcom
HeavyMetal, a series of commercial software titles designed to complement Classic BattleTech
Transformers: Heavy Metal, a cancelled geolocation game based on Hasbro’s Transformers franchise

Films#

Heavy Metal (film), a 1981 animated film based on the magazine
Heavy Metal 2000, a.k.a. Heavy Metal: or Heavy Metal2, a 2000animated film, sequel to the 1981film Heavy Metal

Television episodes#

“Heavy Metal”, , Pet series3, episode2 (2002)
“Heavy Metal”, CSI: Vegas season3, episode9 (2024)
“Heavy Metal”, Gary and His Demons season1, episode11 (2018)
“Heavy Metal” (Sliders), season5, episode14 (1999)
“Heavy Metal”, Superman: The Animated Series season2, episode23 (1997)
“Heavy Metal” (Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles), season1, episode4 (2008)
“Heavy Metal”, The Curseof Oak Island season6, episode18 (2019)
“Heavy Metal”, The New Leave Itto Beaver season2, episode5 (1986)
“Heavy Metal”, Water Rats season5, episode17 (2000)
“Heavy Metal”, Zexal season2, episode3 (2012)

Literature#

Heavy Metal: A Tank Company’s Battleto Baghdad, a 2005book about Operation Iraqi Freedom
Heavy Metal: How a Global Corporation Poisoned , a 2023book by Ameer Shahul
, also called “Heavy Metal”, a French comic book

Other uses#

*Heavy Metal (cricket), an incident in a 1979 cricket match involving Dennis Lillee

Heavy metal genres

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Alternative metal#

Alternative metal is a style of heavy metal and alternative rock which emerged in the mid-1980s and gained popularity in the early 1990s. Alternative metal usually combines heavy metal with influences from genres like alternative rock, and in some cases, other genres not normally associated with metal as well. One of the main characteristics of alternative metal and its subgenres are heavily downtuned, mid-paced “chug”-like guitar riffs. Alternative metal bands are also often characterized by melodic vocals, unconventional sounds within other heavy metal genres, unconventional song structures, and sometimes experimental approaches to heavy music. Many of the early alternative metal bands originated from Los Angeles. Prominent bands in this genre include Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Faith No More, Helmet, Life of Agony, Rollins Band More modern bands include Breaking Benjamin, Chevelle, Godsmack and System of a Down.

Heavy metal music

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Characteristics#

Heavy metal is traditionally characterized by loud, distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound, and vigorous vocals. Heavy metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes. In a 1988 article, The New York Times critic Jon Pareles wrote, “In the taxonomy of popular music, heavy metal is a major subspecies of hard-rock—the breed with less syncopation, less blues, more showmanship and more brute force.” The typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are sometimes used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purple’s Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ. In 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III; by the 1990s, synthesizers were used in “almost every subgenre of heavy metal”. The electric guitar and the sonic power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a combined use of high volumes and heavy fuzz. For classic heavy metal guitar tone, guitarists maintain gain at moderate levels, without excessive preamp or pedal distortion, to retain open spaces and air in the music; the guitar amplifier is turned up loud to produce the “punch and grind” characteristic. Thrash metal guitar tone has scooped mid-frequencies and tightly compressed sound with multiple bass frequencies. Most heavy metal songs “feature at least one guitar solo”, which is “a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity”. Some exceptions are nu metal and grindcore bands, which tend to omit guitar solos. With rhythm guitar parts, the “heavy crunch sound in heavy metal … is created by palm muting” the strings with the picking hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more precise sound and it emphasizes the low end. The lead role of the guitar in heavy metal often collides with the traditional “frontman” or bandleader role of the vocalist, creating a musical tension as the two “contend for dominance” in a spirit of “affectionate rivalry”. Critic Simon Frith claims that the metal singer’s “tone of voice” is more important than the lyrics. The prominent role of the bass ‍is also key to the metal sound, and the interplay of bass and guitar is a central element. The bass provides the low-end sound crucial to making the music “heavy”. The bass plays a “more important role in heavy metal than in any other genre of rock”. Metal basslines vary widely in complexity, from holding down a low pedal point as a foundation to doubling complex riffs and licks along with the lead or rhythm guitars. Some bands feature the bass as a lead instrument, an approach popularized by Metallica’s Cliff Burton with his heavy emphasis on bass ‍solos and use of chords while playing the ‍bass in the early 1980s. Lemmy of Motörhead often played overdriven power chords in his bass lines. Heavy metal drumming is defined by a loud, consistent beat that drives the band, relying on the “trifecta of speed, power, and precision.” Heavy metal drumming “requires an exceptional amount of endurance”, and drummers have to develop “considerable speed, coordination, and dexterity … to play the intricate patterns” used in heavy metal. A characteristic metal drumming technique is the cymbal choke, which consists of striking a cymbal and then immediately silencing it by grabbing it with the other hand (or, in some cases, the same striking hand), producing a burst of sound. The metal drum setup is generally much larger than those employed in other forms of rock music. In live performance, loudness – an “onslaught of sound”, in sociologist Deena Weinstein’s description – is considered vital. Following the lead set by Jimi Hendrix, Cream and the Who, early heavy metal acts such as Blue Cheer set new benchmarks for volume. As Blue Cheer’s Dick Peterson put it, “All we knew was we wanted more power.” A 1977 review of a Motörhead concert noted how “excessive volume in particular figured into the band’s impact”. Weinstein makes the case that in the same way that melody is the main element of pop and rhythm is the main focus of house music, powerful sound, timbre and volume are the key elements of metal. She argues that the loudness is designed to “sweep the listener into the sound” and to provide a “shot of youthful vitality”. until at least the mid-1980s, with some exceptions such as Girlschool. and PopMatters’ Craig Hayes argues that metal “clearly empowers women”. In the power metal and symphonic metal subgenres, there has been a sizable number of bands that have had women as the lead singers, such as Nightwish, Delain and Within Temptation.

Hebrew cantillation

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

History#

Three systems of Hebrew punctuation (including vowels and cantillation symbols) have been used: the Babylonian, the Jerusalem, and the Tiberian, only the last of which is used today.

Babylonian system#

Babylonian Biblical manuscripts from the Geonic period contain no cantillation marks in the current sense, but small Hebrew letters are used to mark significant divisions within a verse. Up to eight different letters are found, depending on the importance of the break and where it occurs in the verse: these correspond roughly to the disjunctives of the Tiberian system. For example, in some manuscripts the letter tav, for tevir (break), does duty for both Tiberian tevir and zaqef. In general there are no symbols for the conjunctives, though some late manuscripts use the Tiberian symbols for these. There is also no equivalent for low-grade disjunctives such as telisha gedolah: these are generally replaced by the equivalent of zaqef or revia. Nothing is known of the musical realization of these marks, but it seems likely that they represent breaks or variations in a set melody applied to each verse. (A somewhat similar system is used in manuscripts of the Qur’an to guide the reader in fitting the chant to the verse: see Qur’an reading.) This system is reflected in the cantillation practices of the Yemenite Jews, who now use the Tiberian symbols, but tend to have musical motifs only for the disjunctives and render the conjunctives in a monotone. It is notable that the Yemenite Jews have only eight disjunctive motifs, thus clearly reflecting the Babylonian notation. The same is true of the Karaite mode for the haftarah; while in the Sephardi haftarah modes different disjunctives often have the same or closely similar motifs, reducing the total number of effective motifs to something like the same number.

Hela Khayal Dangal

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

History and heritage#

The history of Hela Khayal has not been properly documented as it was a folk art. It is certain that the tradition goes back almost three centuries in various places of Rajasthan. Dausa, Karauli, Sawai Madhopur, Alwar, Dhaulpur, the Tonk region and Jaipur have had a history of Hela Khayal. The Hela Khayal Dangals were generally planned to take place over two to three days. They were organized by villages at the community level. After harvesting, the peasants would have some money after selling the crops. All the families of villages would contribute in cash or kind for the event. The artists were sent out invitations. With collected funds, the organizing team of the village would arrange for the food and other necessities of the artists of the invited troupes. Most villages in Rajasthan have an open community area where people can sit and socialize. In the night, the artists would practice for their performances in this area. The practice sessions are called Raggi. Hela Khayal is not only considered a cultural heritage but also a confluence of Hadauti and Dhundhadi culture.

Henan opera

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

History#

Yu opera came into being during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. At the beginning, it was mainly song arias without make-up, which was loved by the ordinary people. As a result, it developed rapidly. The origin of Yu opera is hard to trace, and the accounts about its origin differ. With regard to the origin and formation of Henan opera, there is a shortage of records in ancient books, and few scholars have sought to engage in in-depth and comprehensive exploration and research. Since the 1920s and 1930s there have been multiple theories and viewpoints on the origin of the opera. There is no one theory that is generally agreed upon by researchers as there is not enough evidence to convince all people, so there are multiple similar and completely opposite arguments. Four major representative opinions concerning the origin of the opera are that they originate from Shanxi opera, from the folk society of Henan, from the operatic tune that is popular in the Central Plains area of China, and from the predecessor of Henan bangzi.

HexD

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Etymology and characteristics#

According to Sticki, the founder of the netlabel Dismiss Yourself, the term “hexD” originally emerged through the music collective Hexcastcrew, who “hex songs—in their words, they cast spells via bitcrushing the music.” The process of “hexxing” a song involves a style of DJ mixing that makes heavy use of bitcrushing and digital effects. after the Dismiss Yourself compilation album Surge Compilation Vol. 1 (2020). The visual aesthetics of hexD draw influence from anime, internet aesthetics, and early Web 2.0 era iconography and artwork primarily associated with the 2006 online GIF editor Blingee as a form of childhood nostalgia that has been compared to the vaporwave microgenre. According to WKNC-FM, the mixing style is reminiscent of early Internet “low quality trance/adjacent EDM” anime AMVs. Alternative Press magazine described the style as “sped up, bitcrushed and glitched out”.