Korean indie

Korean indie, referring to independent music in South Korea, developed in the 1990s in Hongdae, an area of Northwestern Seoul. It is widely regarded as the counterpart to K-pop; whereas K-pop is

Background#

South Korea’s first modern wave of indie music began after the end of the military regime in 1987, coinciding with the rise of South Korea’s popular culture during the early to mid-1990s. While experienced rock musicians tried to revive their musical careers, the younger generation developed a new punk and rock community in the Hongdae area of Seoul. As a punk rock group, Crying Nut was formed in 1993 and is “Korea’s most successful indie band”, selling over 100,000 copies of their debut album in 1998. After the late 2000s, alongside the Korean wave, came a second wave of Korean indie, with notable bands including Kiha & the Faces, Broccoli, You Too?, and 9 and the Numbers. Kiha & The Faces were able to connect with a new audience thanks to their 2008 hit single, “Ssaguryeo Keopi” (English: Cheap Coffee). An indie rock group influenced by retro sounds, 9 and the Numbers, was also successful with their eponymous debut album in late 2009. By the time the second wave occurred, indie music in South Korea had become more diverse compared to its rock-dominated past. Mellow, acoustic sounds began to gain popularity. Due to globalization, young rock groups started incorporating English lyrics into their music, in contrast with the former nationalistic era, when musicians were accused of copying Western-style music. Although Korean indie is often considered subculture, influence from mass and viral media has made the internet the primary platform for indie music, giving individuals who wish to create music an easy opportunity to do so while also providing them a chance for viral success. Additionally, more financial support is being given to indie musicians in the form of concerts and festivals hosted by large corporations. Korean indie has also spread to other countries; Jambinai, the most successful overseas Korean indie band, and an increasing number of other indie groups have been performing abroad in locations such as Asia, Europe, and North America.

Shinchon#

Until commercialization in the 1990s, underground music and student culture thrived in Sinchon, a university district in Seoul, during the 1970s and 1980s.

Hongdae#

Situated in northwestern Seoul, Hongdae is home to a vibrant and diverse indie music culture and to Hongik University, an institution with a prestigious art program. Having developed as the center of subculture since the 1990s, cheap rent enabled the establishment of numerous underground clubs, live music venues, record stores, and studios, gathering talented indie musicians. Groups such as Crying Nut and No Brain are both indie bands that gained fame from a small club in Hongdae called Spot. One of the most famous clubs in Hongdae is Drug, Although Hongdae experienced a period of mass gentrification during the mid-2000s economic boom, it remains a significant indie music scene, with over 40 underground clubs, and attracting more than 500 new indie bands each year.

Gwanak#

Gwanak, the working-class area of Southern Seoul, played a crucial role in the development of Korean indie music. It produced talented artists such as Kim Namhun and Change Kiha, both members of Nunco Band. Famous for being the home of the renowned school, Seoul National University, student activism, political protest, and music were key elements of its culture until the 1990s. In the early 2000s, activities such as the campus song movement made Gwanak a center for experimentation in musical styles, including the fusion of folk and rock, a crucial milestone in Korean music history. The indie label Boongaboonga Records (BGBG) was established in 2004 as a result of Gwanak’s music culture.

Labels#

Antenna (record label)
Around Us Entertainment
Baljunso
Konnect Entertainment
Music Farm (record label)
Pastel Music

Korean indie groups#

92914
10cm
Autumn Vacation
Bolbbalgan4
Busker Busker
Bye Bye Badman
Bye Bye Sea
Clazziquai
Cheeze
Cherry Filter
Coffee Boy
Crying Nut
Danpyunsun and the Sailors
Diealright
Eastern Sidekick
From the Airport
Galaxy Express
The Geeks
Glen Check
Green Flame Boys
Guckkasten
Hathaw9y
Humming Urban Stereo
Hyukoh
Jannabi
Jaurim
Kiha & The Faces
Kingston Rudieska
The Koxx
Love X Stereo
Loveholics
Mot
Nell
Nemesis
No Brain
Rooftop Moonlight
Onnine Ibalgwan
Pia
Raspberry Field
The Black Skirts
The RockTigers
The Rose
Rolling Quartz
Rubber Duckie
Rumble Fish
Rux
Shinchireem
…Whatever That Means
Skasucks
SURL
Swingz
Vanilla Unity
Vrose
Walking After U
Wave to Earth
Zzzaam